惠農(nóng)果業(yè)獼猴桃授粉技術三要點
一、“澤旭”電動授粉器授粉：獼猴桃授粉期如果遇上下雨天只能選擇用電動授粉器噴霧授粉。授粉方法如下：在大部分(約60—70%)的雌花開放后，于露水干后或搶抓下雨間隙抓緊鐵絲搖掉花葉上附著雨水后進行噴霧，對準花群扣動扳機，按一定的方位和順序迅速掃射、移動，切勿在一處停留過久，因形成水珠后，會使花粉滴落，降低授粉效果，對大片的雌花可連續(xù)、反復噴射，不要遺漏，對少量或單個的雌花可采用點射，以節(jié)約花粉。每隔1—2天再噴一次，整個花期至少要噴授3次，若噴后馬上下雨，應重噴，若3小時后下雨，可以不用再噴，因花粉在2—3小時之內(nèi)就可完成受精。
溫馨提示：所授花粉10克加上2克碧護+花粉輔料20克混合均勻授粉，可以增強獼猴桃花粉抗逆性，提高獼猴桃授粉成功率，促進授粉，提高座果率，預防落果。
▲給紅心獼猴桃授粉
二、毛筆點授法：將收集起來的花粉或花藥，用毛筆蘸上花粉輕輕涂抹在雌花的柱頭上即可。
三、人工對花法：少量授粉時，可直接將開放的雄花摘下，對著雌花輕輕涂抹，每朵雄花可授3—5朵雌花。
惠農(nóng)果業(yè)植?？萍挤罩行?/p>
▲獼猴桃授粉
Three key points of kiwi pollination technology in Huinong Fruit Industry
1、 "Zexu" electric pollinator pollination: if it rains during the pollination period of kiwifruit, you can only choose to use electric pollinator spray pollination. The pollination method is as follows: after most of the female flowers (about 60-70%) open, grasp the iron wire to shake off the attached rainwater on the flower leaves after the dew dries or grabs the rain gap, and then carry out spray. Aim at the flowers, pull the trigger, and quickly spray and move in a certain direction and order. Do not stay in one place for too long, because the formation of water droplets will cause the pollen to drop, reducing the pollination effect. For large female flowers, spray continuously and repeatedly, without omission. For a small number or single female flowers, use spot shooting to save pollen. Spray again every 1-2 days, at least 3 times during the entire flowering period. If it rains immediately after spraying, it should be sprayed again. If it rains 3 hours later, there is no need to spray again because pollen can be fertilized within 2-3 hours.
Reminder: Mixing 10g of pollen with 2g of Bihu and 20g of pollen auxiliary material can enhance the stress resistance of kiwifruit pollen, improve the success rate of kiwifruit pollination, promote pollination, increase fruit setting rate, and prevent fruit drop.
2、 Brush Point Teaching Method: Dip the collected pollen or anthers into a brush and gently apply it to the stigma of the female flower.
3、 Artificial pollination method: When pollinating in small quantities, the open male flowers can be directly removed and gently applied to the female flowers. Each male flower can produce 3-5 female flowers.
Huinong Fruit Industry Plant Protection Technology Service Center
▲研究發(fā)現(xiàn)經(jīng)天然蕓苔素甾醇處理后的獼猴桃，促進了其花粉管的伸長，花粉萌發(fā)率明顯提高。實際使用中，在作物的花期使用蕓苔素噴施，可促進花粉管伸長，提高花粉活力，提高授粉成功率。對于座果率不佳、或者花期遭遇不良天氣的作物，都可以通過使用天然蕓苔素甾醇來提升座果率。
▲紅心獼猴桃圖片
Research has found that kiwifruit treated with natural brassinosteroids promotes the elongation of its pollen tubes and significantly increases pollen germination rate. In practical use, spraying brassinolide during the flowering period of crops can promote the elongation of pollen tubes, improve pollen vitality, and increase pollination success rate. For crops with poor fruit set rate or encountering unfavorable weather during the flowering period, natural brassinosteroids can be used to increase fruit set rate.
▲獼猴桃電動授粉槍
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